panic attack workbook

panic attack workbook

Analysis Concept of Dread

1. I. Summary

The paper is an examination of anxiety as concept. This report begins with a definition and statistics on the prevalence of anxiety in patients. Subsequently, the document reviewed Observing the characteristics of the disease. Subsequently, it was necessary to take account of their presence in three different case studies, namely a study of typical cases, no other medical condition hand case study with other medical conditions, and borderline case study in which a person registered two types of anxiety disorders. This document will be useful in science education by contributing to the analysis of concept, will be deep in research and management, offering new information on how to treat different diseases.

1. 
   

A Definition and context

Anxiety is a condition in which a person is in a constant state of anxiety or when she is nervous, whatever normal stock. This state of anxiety ultimately leads to anxiety disorders, which are then considered conditions of emotional or psychological health.

The anxiety disorders and anxiety are one of the most common reasons for mental to see health professionals today. That's why recent statistics show that about one quarter of the population of countries showed symptoms of anxiety disorders. It is a worrying trend for nursing professionals, in particular and the medical profession in general, and can cause serious mental health problems. (Hayes & Strosahl, 2004)

One of the main reasons for such events is that excessive demands of society have changed. work environment today is more demanding than ever. Relationships are more difficult maintain therefore acts as a fertile ground for the spread of anxiety. Anxiety can occur in various forms. Sometimes it can be exhibited Benin as a case in other scenarios, it can evolve to become severe and may prevent daily life. Anxiety usually manifests as a series of disorders that include most of the phobias, generalized anxiety, stress disorder post-traumatic disorder obsessive compulsive disorder and separation anxiety. Some of the latest forms mentioned are more or less the same symptoms. Therefore, we can deal with them as separate groups.

B for analysis

The purpose of the analysis is to demystify anxiety as a clinical disease. The research provides some ideas about the characteristics of the concept. It also examine the consequences of anxiety in patients. All of them will be analyzed using typical cases, atypical cases and cases are in the middle. In addition, empirical evidence on this concept (anxiety) which will be discussed in more detail.

1. III. Review literature

Fox (2001) argues that the most important features in almost all people who suffer from anxiety the existence of fear. All individuals are faced with fear at one time or another during their life. However, those controlled by him are said to suffer anxiety or anxiety disorders. (Craske and Barlow, 2003) This fear is so intense that prevents the person from doing their daily tasks or functions.

In some scenarios, the anxiety may be manifested by tension or anticipation of a particular problem. This he is sweet. In other cases, anxiety can be displayed by acute panic attacks. Bourne (2000) explains that physical symptoms The following are common in a number of patients diagnosed with anxiety

• Voltage
• Headaches
• Loss of appetite
• stomach disorders
• Sleep deprivation
• Diarrhea
• Muscle pain

In addition to these symptoms, the acute fear among patients with anxiety disorders can be represented. For example, some people suffer from panic attacks. When this occurs, you can begin to have a dry mouth, numbness experienced in their bodies, breathlessness, pounding heart discomfort in the chest, disorientation extends to poor concentration, dizziness and instability. (Hoffman & Barlow, 1999)

Many authors also claim that the highest percentage of cases of anxiety are characterized by cognitive, which refers to cognitive issues mind. When anxiety strikes, some of the ideas or images are usually present in the mind. Generally, those eager to believe that any danger that may happen or someone they know. (Chorpita & Barlow, 1998) This is generally described as a phobia when a person feels that something dangerous might happen, even if the probability of its occurrence is rather low. In other words, a feature cognitive important is the possession of irrational beliefs. This person generally distort the facts and have no control about their thoughts. (Bourne 2000)

Note that these cognitive functions are beyond suffering from panic disorder. Indeed, these patients are well aware of the enormity his thoughts. However, the absence of the possibility of limiting the excess and continue normally thought on the subject, regardless of their irrationality.

Kearney et al (1997) argue that social phobia may occur when circumstances people fear social situations. For example, we may assume you can get embarrassed by interaction with others. There may be a scenario in which fears a failure or to obtain approval of their peers.

In panic attacks, Craske et al (1991) explain that when people have panic attacks, is likely to imagine they are about to die, lose control or going crazy. These authors have also highlighted the issue agoraphobic thoughts. Here, the targeted individual generally operate in fear of another panic attack and may require the presence of another person in order to stop them. In addition, they generally leave assume that these are things that this constant danger in their lives.

Barlow and Lehman (1996) argue that the obsessive compulsive thoughts are other cognitive features unique. Here, we can not stop thinking about constant one who is obsessed. For example, one can always becoming violent with another person or yourself. In addition, these individuals may be obsessed with their daily responsibilities, religion, appearance, death, disease, germs, pollution and many other examples.

Campbell and Barlow (2000) explain that the condition of those people who suffer from PTSD can be fixed with flashbacks of a traumatic event. Therefore, this person may have sleep disorders and may even report cases night mares. In addition, it is possible to conclude that people may feel responsible for the traumatic event.

Anxiety Disorder Generalized usually occurs in people who have concerns about general issues in their lives. For example, these People may worry about their financial situation, health, etc. (Bourne, 2000)

Note that the latest forms of anxiety disorders are highly reflected differently depending on a variety of demographic characteristics. For example, age is an important factor because the forms childhood anxiety disorders manifest in unique ways, some of them may be afraid of monsters in the closet or in the eyes see at night. Children can also express these concerns in a totally different from adults. Gender is another important demographic characteristics. Women are more affected by certain obsessions or thoughts in relation to their male counterparts. In addition, cultural influences have an important role. Carskie et al (1991) explain that what may be considered a critical problem in a society may be totally unimportant in another. By Therefore, caution should be taken to ensure that each and every case dealt exclusively.

Some signs are synonymous with the people as described by Andrews et al (2003) These authors claim that some people may choose not to go to a specific location, so it is likely there may be things that are feared. In addition, these authors explain that others can simply leave a certain place if they feel they have been overwhelmed by these fears. In other words, this behavioral trait known as avoidance. Most cases can be direct, however, to avoid can sometimes be quite complicated. In some scenarios, you may find that a person repeats their actions time to time. For example, if someone is afraid of thieves, can keep control if your door is locked at all times.

Elfert and Forsyth (2005) describes the escape as a feature of behavior can be a serious problem because it has a tendency to worsening anxiety. Usually, this is one of the characteristics that make the treatment of anxiety disorders extremely difficult.

CPA (2004) says that nearly fifty-nine percent of cases, can tip the anxiety to clinical depression, if left untreated. This is typically occurs when people leave the problem of progress over long periods of time. Usually, these people may feel powerless cope with anxiety disorders. Therefore, they may develop feelings of hopelessness and frustration. In addition, the ADAC (2003) add that it rare to find these people become addicted to drugs or alcohol. Sometimes this person may be looking for ways may disappear, which is usually done by drugs. The organization calls it self-medication.

1. IV. Observation

Background

Sometimes anxiety can be caused by genetic factors. For example, if a parent has anxiety disorders, then a chance to represent anxiety disorders are also higher. Genetic factors may which explain why identical twins have this feature, both at the same time. In fact, identical twins are some of the largest cases of disorders Anxiety linked to the family. (Maisel, 2003)

Anxiety disorders are manifested by a series of cognitive behavior, therefore, this means that the brain may be an important precedent for the state. When the normal functioning of the brain has been hampered, then it is likely that there might call the anxiety symptoms and disorders. It is also important to remember that anxiety disorders may respond to medical treatment. In general, these treatments target the brain and thus indicates that anxiety disorders are caused by a malfunction of the brain.

One of the main background to this problem is psychological. Personality plays an important role to play in determining whether a person suffers anxiety disorders or not. When an individual has little social skills, it is unlikely to be treated negatively in a number of situations, people in the development of anxiety disorders. (Kaplan and Saddock, 2003)

In addition, some people may have low self-esteem. If nothing is Indeed, can lead to anxiety and leads to irrational fears about the circumstances do not apply these fears, first. Usually these people do not believe they have the ability to perform normal day to day and take care of their families. Consequently, these individuals develop anxiety disorders.

One of the most common history and common anxiety disorders are related to life experiences. The following is a summary of some situations that could trigger an anxiety disorder

• Violence
• Abuse
• Poverty
• Susceptibility to disease
• Etc. (Hayes, 2005)

It should be noted that most cases of the fall of anxiety disorder history in the latter category. When a person has been victim of sexual abuse or violence by a family member, then it is likely that this person can live in constant fear the abuser or the nature of his attack. Domestic violence is a major cause of generalized anxiety disorder. In addition, when a person has been abused. ie if they were attacked by an armed robber, then it is likely that the person may develop an excessive fear of another attack. Consequently, this increases the chances of developing an anxiety disorder. In addition they also found that people who grew up in poverty is likely to resolve the excessive fear of poverty-related diseases.

Attribute B / features / functions

It are certain characteristics that show how a slight anxiety. In other words, show that the disorder is still in its early stages. For example, when a person is in the early stages of panic attacks, then it is likely to exhibit mild signs such as sweating, chills or hot heat.

If a person has an anxiety disorder if a phobia manifests itself, and initial stages of the disease can be represented in a number of ways. When a person is in a situation that triggers the phobia, the person suffers from the situation, but after being put under great stress. In addition, Early signs of phobias can be represented at your residence for a period much shorter than expected in a given scenario. Twam (and Bangi, 2003)

In cases where patients suffer from agoraphobia, and early in anxiety can be represented when the person find it extremely difficult to interact with others or to perform their daily tasks because of fear of panic attacks. Note that in early stages can usually go everyday activities, but with great difficulty.

To those who suffer from obsessive compulsive disorder, and the early stages of the disease can occur in cases where the respective parties to start thinking about certain issues. Usually, these thoughts may precede action to cope with anxiety. For example, a person thinks constantly about the level of cleanliness or safety of the house.

In the middle stages of anxiety disorders, the most severe symptoms begin to appear. For people with panic attacks and symptoms starting to be more dominant in this scenario, you may feel dizzy or nauseated. In certain circumstances, it is common to find that the person suffer from anxiety and can begin to feel pain in the chest or abdominal pain registration. These symptoms are signs that the disease progresses at a rapid pace. (CPA-2004)

In the middle stages of a phobia, it is likely that the person may avoid cases in phobia cases some cases, then take phobias, in some cases. For example, if one has a social phobia, then stop going to social gatherings, but may still be able perform basic tasks such as shopping or meeting with members of the family. In addition, if a person suffers from fear of further attacks panic, so that only certain people can attend meetings so that most of them jump.

If a patient suffers from a disorder Obsessive-compulsive disorder, and the steps of the medium are usually represented by some rituals. In this case, the person is progressing now just thinking about the obsession actually doing something. For example, an input frequency into the kitchen to see if I left the oven. Or they can keep washing your hands from time to time.

If a person has PTSD as a form of anxiety, then the middle stages of the conditions are generally characterized by a lack of sleep. In some scenarios, this person may be nervous or constantly on guard for fear of the event. For example, if a person has been stolen, then it is always possible in the evening or nightmares about the incident.

For those with an anxiety disorder generalized, intermediate steps are represented by the abuse of substances such as alcohol dependence, severe headache, tension muscle spasms, and a total absence of situations that can cause the problem described by Andrews et al (2003)

later stages anxiety disorders also differ according to the type of suffering from an anxiety disorder. For people with panic disorder after the last steps are usually characterized by cognitive and behavioral traits. At this stage, patients may fear death or may think they are crazy. In addition, these individuals may feel out of touch with the world and can withdraw their own cocoon. Some physical manifestations at one point, one can cite the difficulty breathing, feeling of choking, beating heart or extreme symptoms that resemble heart attacks.

Those who have phobias show also some characteristics of the late phase. For example, we may stop any activity at all. People with social phobia can never out of the house. On the other hand, people with agoraphobia may then spiral into depression not have done otherwise or to continue their responsibility personal as indicated Craske and Barlow (2003).

In cases where a person has had some cases of obsessive compulsive disorder, it is likely that in the final stages, this person can increase the number of times to perform their rituals. For example, if one is obsessed with personal hygiene, then you can take three hours to prepare for work every day. Also, if someone was obsessed with security, you can increase the excess of your security measures. Also in the latter stages of the circumstances, it is likely that a person will increase their dependence on drugs substance abuse or as a means of relieving anxiety. (Elfet and Forsyth, 2003)

If a person had been diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder, then it is likely that this person can bring cases of numbness or may occur separated from its environment. Therefore, these people may not be able to make your day functions days and may have a spiral out of control. The final stages of anxiety can also be characterized by a depression when the person feels he has lost control of their lives.

If a person suffering from disorder Generalized anxiety and reached its final phase, then that person is likely a spiral into depression. In certain circumstances, this person can begin to record other mental health problems, although these difficulties did not exist before. In addition, as a person I look tired all the time, they may start depending on drugs to cope with their anxiety and some may focus their lives around What worries. For example, if anxiety is about finances, so anything that your family can be expected to fund and their need to preserve it.

C Consequences

The consequences of anxiety disorder vary from person to person and also depends of what an individual is faced with anxiety. If an anxiety disorder is detected in early stages, it is likely that the person can be face, either by pharmacological or psychological and thus reduce the problem. However, if the person leaves the situation spiraling out of control is to achieve their final stage, then anxiety can bring mental health and other social problems. For example, it can cause drug abuse and therefore dependence. In addition, if a person is in its final phase, it is likely to produce depression.

It should be noted that a form of anxiety disorder can create other forms. For example, the attacks may eventually cause panic attacks phobias related to and does not seek treatment may eventually lead to depression. Therefore, anxiety disorders are not mutually exclusive, they can make other diseases which can cause enormous damage to the person in question. (Maisel, 2003)

In addition, some of the symptoms associated with anxiety can lead to extreme cases, for example, when one has trouble breathing, then they can put themselves at greater risk of losing control of their actions. It may cause injury from secondary sources. Perhaps the worst consequence of the anxiety that can cause a brain dysfunction that eventually by cause mental breakdown. In other cases, some people may choose to commit suicide. However, it may occur more often when you decide not to their previous situation.

empirical referents D

The first thing to do when dealing with cases anxiety disorder is an accurate assessment and diagnosis. Here, it is necessary to examine symptoms that a patient may be suffering. In other words, an analysis of psychotic symptoms shown by the patient. In addition, it is necessary to study the level of complexity symptoms. This also means that the level at which anxiety disorder has affected one of the functions to be evaluated.

There is also necessary to take into account the resources available to assist in the process. This means that the family of the person concerned must be mobilized. In addition, there must be an assessment of financial resources necessary to give patients proper treatment.

Closely related this is the need to assess risks for the patient to suicide. With anxiety disorders may come to extreme levels, when they reached the last step, then we must consider the likelihood of this happening. By doing this, then nurses will ensure that they have focused on the most dangerous situations for later.

It is imperative for physicians to ensure that no other mental health problems that exist outside of anxiety disorders. This is mainly due to the fact that the majority of anxious patients rarely have a mental illness only. The cases include depression abuse and alcohol. (Maisel, 2003)

It is also essential to find a way they can prevent the possible recurrence the same in the future. This means that nurses should monitor the patient response to treatment. If treatment is not working ie patient has a relapse, it is desirable that the search for other ways that can be used to treat the disease in the future. (Kaplan and Saddock, 2003)

Case Model E

In the ideal example of an anxiety disorder can be represented the case of a man of thirty-three years, George. George works in an auto dealer business as a seller. He did relatively well in his work and is a most valuable employees in your company. However, George was the case in case of insomnia can not sleep for three days. Other times George can be extremely stressful on your muscles, which then leads to pain. He has also held exhibitions of many headaches for a long period of time.

In addition, George also explained that deeply concerned by the fact that his friends call him worrywart. He feels he may be able to secure a future for his family if he loses his job or if you die. In addition, George is concerned about security their work. Being a seller means constantly having to meet deadlines. These deadlines are to determine the amount of commissions received and the evaluation questionnaire received from his boss. George thinks that if you lose your job, may not be able to choose one that offers generous financial reward as the one currently in use.

In addition to these symptoms, George began recording blood pressure. Impossible to cope with pressure at work because he can not complete the work to be used to supplement in the past. This means that has not been able to fill his time. In addition, George has made some heart palpitations that occur from time to time.

They also are symptoms of general anxiety disorder. (Kaplan and Saddock, 2003)

However, to evaluate critically George for treatment, it is necessary to use a cognitive-behavioral model below

The stimulus fear

Without the support of your spouse

unstable career

Meeting family responsibilities

He was abandoned by his parents at an early age and therefore do not feel good enough

Threat misinterpretation

This problem may cause a loss of family

These fears are insufficient if the family

The fears would result in an inability to take care of him

Anxiety

Symptoms: Spirit Racing exhaust

Skip adaptation

Works

It is largely based medicine

Gets reassured by his wife and his colleagues

corrective experience

Absent temporary relief of tax fraud

This case was treated by two weeks of treatment programs in which the hazard is corrected misconceptions, the response of the exhibition has been made, the patient is taught techniques to cope with symptoms of anxiety, and psychotherapy support to resolve problems that have prevented their success. After plan, George began to rely less on drugs, which also reduced the incidence of sleep disorders reported and overall success in the treatment of symptoms of anxiety. (Elfet and Forsyth, 2003)

Otherwise F

Christine is a period of twenty-eight years working as a cook in a busy place. It is a single mother raising a child of five years. He had been diagnosed with the syndrome Fragile X since childhood. In other words, Christine is a pretty shy person, but also very enjoyable. In some cases where it must meet a new person, Christine, can not look in the eyes of a stranger and welcomes all people in general looking at the floor or on the side.

Christine always knew she was different from the rest. Because it is extremely sensitive to people's comments and create anxiety in her. She worries constantly for their competence, acceptability and performance. It also implies that it is a very sensitive and react very aggressively to comments about it. Recently, anxiety has increased: it was the record symptoms of panic attacks. (Elfet and Forsyth, 2003)

Because Christine had a history of other illness, it is necessary that be given appropriate medical treatment for people with fragile X syndrome She began taking selective inhibitors of serotonin reuptake and this contributed to cope with symptoms of anxiety.

Limiting case G

Timothy a fist is born into a family of three children. His family had a history of anxiety disorders. He began to experience panic attacks for five years. Two years after panic attacks, who witnessed the body of his father on the premises of the real estate sector. And it sparked a fear of blood, sick or dead. Hello symptoms are the demonstrations of both panic attacks and posttraumatic stress therefore a case of the border.

Treatment necessary to adopt a medical approach in which it was given to Timothy parlzolam. This was done in the exercise and helps to eliminate attacks panic. To cope with PTSD, which has been exposed to violent movies at a gradual pace. He saw the horror film that gradually reduces the fear corpses.

1. V. Request Nursing

Practice

Latest results be very cautious in nursing practice, and open the way to deal with anxiety disorders in different ways. This research combined psychology nursing and other aspects of nursing courses. Consequently, we offer alternatives to conventional treatments. In addition, research will also be very useful in demystifying the treatment of anxiety disorders.

B Education

In teaching nursing, the work will help us to understand how the analysis of the concept can be made. Through the use of anxiety as a concept, it will serve as an example how the empirical data, analysis of symptoms and other aspects of the document can be applied in medical cases. (Maisel, 2003)

C Management

The document will assist in the management of nursing to go far in simplifying certain courses when Action is mentally ill. Helping to improve the effectiveness of nursing practice and speed response. In addition to this document will also be placed once on the application of systematic analysis of cases.

D research

Paper contributed to research in nursing, because it provided a new perspective on anxiety and anxiety disorders as a disease. This work has contributed to research in nursing, and compared three scenarios for the anguish that is the limit, and typically own case, which was different ways to cope.

Conclusion

The document is a report of a conceptual analysis of anxiety. Anxiety is represented by a series of symptoms ranging from physical, cognitive behavior. Each step of anxiety disorders are characterized by their own symptoms usually progress over time. Therefore, when the condition is detected early, the patient has a better chance to recover.

Reference

Fox, B. (2001): Power Over Panic: Freedom from panic and anxiety disorders bound, Prentice Hall

Maisel, E. (2003): Road A creative person is depressed; Rodale

Hayes, S. and Strosahl, K. (2004): A practical guide to acceptance and commitment therapy; Transom

Hayes, S. (2005): Get out of your mind and your life: acceptance and commitment therapy, New Harbinger Publications

Bourne, E. (2000): Anxiety and Phobia Workbook, Herald Publications

Eifert, G. and Forsyth, J. (2005): acceptance and commitment therapy for anxiety disorders New Harbinger Publications.

Kaplan T. and Saddock, P. (2003): Synopsis of Psychiatry: Behavioral Sciences / ClinicalPsychiatry, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Iwamasa, G. & Bangi, A. (2003): Health Research mental on Women, Routledge

Andrews, G., Hunt, C., Crino, R., Creamer, M. Page, A. & Light, L. (2003): The treatment of anxiety disorders, Cambridge University Press

Anxiety Disorders Association of Canada (2003): Mental Health and Mental Illness, Science and Technology Report, 12, 58

Canadian Psychiatric Association (2004): the achievement and maintenance of remission of depression and anxiety disorders, the report of the CJP, 49, 3

Craske, M. and Barlow, D. (2000): Mastery of your anxiety and panic-psychological Graywind Publications Corporation

Hofmann S. & Barlow, D. (1999): The cost of anxiety disorders: Implications for psychosocial interventions, Oxford University Press

Kearney, C., Allan, W., Albano, A., Barlow, D. & Eisen, A. (1997): Phenomenology of panic disorder in youth, Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 11, 1, 49-62

Craske, M. Barlow, D. & Brown, T. (1991): Behavioral treatment of panic disorder: Two year follow-up, Journal of Behavior Therapy, 22, 13, 289-304

Chorpita, B. & Barlow, D. (1998): The development of anxiety – the role of early control environments, Psychological Bulletin, 124 21.3.

Barlow, D., and Lehman, C. (1996): Advances in psychosocial treatment of anxiety disorders, Archives of General Psychiatry, 53, 727-735

Barlow, D., & Campbell, L. (2000): Mixed anxiety depression and its implications for models of anxiety and mood disorders, Comprehensive Psychiatry, 41, 2, 55-60

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How to cope with severe panic attacks?

I am somewhat hampered by the panic, they rarely leave the house because I was paralyzed … I was asking the family room w / me, so I'm not alone, because I can not handle the attack. I have the book of anxiety, but it is very difficult to sit with a book, a book of fiction, even if you're so far 'gone'. What worked for some of you wonderful people who would want to share w / me? You could save a life and not realize:). Well, now I'm driving, but I'm overwhelming as I said.

I sympathize, I started having for years. Is left shaking his head at his feet and heart runaway like a madman? Ew. Well anyway my doctor has prescribed beta-blocker all these years, propanalol called (I think as it is written). They work by helping to block most of the adrenaline that is released to cause a panic attack and I know who really helped me. I say just because you asked, saying that the drug is always a good idea there are many options and what works for one may not work for someone else. If you are interested in trying another medication and alternative medicine can be good for relieving anxiety are Diazepam (only recommend this short period of time because it is a sedative with a high potential for addiction), drugs range of antidepressants can be helpful, and now a relatively new drug called Lyrica. Other types of treatment are changing regime. exercise, cognitive behavioral therapy, relaxation, yoga, long list. Do a little research. See your family doctor if symptoms bother you. Be persistent If you already have and feels nowhere. Good luck